{"product_id":"coups-and-revolutions-mass-mobilization-the-egyptian-military-and-the-united-states-from-mubarak-to-sisi-paperback","title":"Coups and Revolutions: Mass Mobilization, the Egyptian Military, and the United States from Mubarak to Sisi - Paperback","description":"\u003cp\u003eby \u003cb\u003eHolmes\u003c\/b\u003e (Author)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn 2011, Egypt witnessed more protests than any other country in the world. Counter to the received narrative, Amy Austin Holmes argues that the ousting of Mubarak in 2011 did not represent the culmination of a revolution or the beginning of a transition period, but rather the beginning of a\u003cbr\u003erevolutionary process that would unfold in three waves, followed by two waves of counterrevolution. This book offers the first analysis of both the revolution and counterrevolution in Egypt from January 2011 until June 2018. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eThe period of revolutionary upheaval played out in three uprisings against three distinct forms of authoritarian rule: the Mubarak regime and the police state that protected it, the unelected military junta known as the Supreme Council of Armed Forces, and the religious authoritarianism of the\u003cbr\u003eMuslim Brotherhood. The counterrevolution occurred over two periods: the first under Adly Mansour as interim president and the second after El Sisi was elected president. While the regime imprisoned or killed the leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood and many secular activists during the first wave\u003cbr\u003eof the counterrevolution, it turned against civil society at large during the second: NGOs, charities, media, academia, and minority groups. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eIn addition to providing new and unprecedented empirical data, \u003cem\u003eCoups and Revolutions\u003c\/em\u003e makes two theoretical contributions. First, it presents a new framework for analyzing the state apparatus in Egypt based on four pillars of regime support that can either prop up or press upon whoever is in power.\u003cbr\u003eThese are the Egyptian military, the business elite, the United States, and the multi-headed opposition. Secondly, the book brings together the literature on bottom-up revolutionary movements and top-down military coups, and it introduces the concept of a \u003cem\u003ecoup from below\u003c\/em\u003e in contrast to the\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003erevolution from above\u003c\/em\u003e that took place under Gamal Abdel Nasser.\u003cbr\u003e\u003ch3\u003eAuthor Biography\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmy Austin Holmes\u003c\/strong\u003e is an International Affairs Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. She previously served as an Associate Professor of Sociology at the American University in Cairo and Visiting Scholar at Harvard University.\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003eShe is the author of \u003cem\u003eSocial Unrest and American Military Bases in\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eTurkey and Germany since 1945\u003c\/em\u003e. Having spent a decade living in the Middle East through the period known as the Arab Spring, she has published numerous articles on Egypt, Turkey, Bahrain, and the Kurdish regions of Iraq and Syria. She has written about human rights violations including the\u003cbr\u003eRabaa\/Nahda massacre which she witnessed in August 2013; the crackdown on civil society; as well as the issue of US military aid to Egypt.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 408\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.8 x 9.2 x 6 IN\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/strong\u003e June 01, 2021\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Books by splitShops","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42160431759495,"sku":"9780197585801","price":70.09,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0601\/2623\/2711\/files\/0ba5e400688caaf4e89a41e21028f94c.webp?v=1733274094","url":"https:\/\/booksby.splitshops.com\/products\/coups-and-revolutions-mass-mobilization-the-egyptian-military-and-the-united-states-from-mubarak-to-sisi-paperback","provider":"Books by splitShops","version":"1.0","type":"link"}