{"product_id":"political-parties-a-sociological-study-of-the-oligarchical-tendencies-of-modern-democracy-paperback-1","title":"Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy - Paperback","description":"\u003cp\u003eby \u003cb\u003eRobert Michels\u003c\/b\u003e (Author), \u003cb\u003eCedar Paul\u003c\/b\u003e (Translator), \u003cb\u003eEden Paul\u003c\/b\u003e (Translator)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFirst published in German in 1911, this book introduces the concept of iron law oligarchy.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eConsidered a classic text of social sciences, \u003ci\u003ePolitical Parties\u003c\/i\u003e analyzes the power structures of organizations such as political parties and trade unions. \u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003eRobert Michels argues that all organizations, even those in theory most egalitarian and most committed to democracy, such as socialist political parties, are in fact oligarchical and dominated by a small group of leadership.\u003ch3\u003eAuthor Biography\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003cp\u003eRobert Michels was a German-Italian sociologist known for his contributions to elite theory through the study of political behavior in intellectual elites. He is best known for his book \u003ci\u003ePolitical Parties.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 380\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.91 x 8.01 x 5.04 IN\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/strong\u003e January 19, 1968\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Books by splitShops","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42136050401415,"sku":"9780029212509","price":28.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0601\/2623\/2711\/files\/2d03e2ca7ad6e429e4600861638e9c8f.webp?v=1732653805","url":"https:\/\/booksby.splitshops.com\/products\/political-parties-a-sociological-study-of-the-oligarchical-tendencies-of-modern-democracy-paperback-1","provider":"Books by splitShops","version":"1.0","type":"link"}